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Zellig Harris
Zellig Sabbettai Harris (October 23, 1909 – May 22, 1992) was a renowned〔R. Harris (1995), Hoenigswald (1996), Hiz (1994), Hymes & Fought (1981), Matthews (1986), R.A. Harris (1993:428-429). "He … was one of the half dozen or so American linguists whose work has had the greatest influence both in his own country and abroad" (Matthews 1999:1).〕 American linguist, mathematical syntactician, and methodologist of science. Originally a Semiticist, he is best known for his work in structural linguistics and discourse analysis and for the formulation of transformational structure in language.〔Harris (1990, 2002), Nevin (1993b, 2002a:472 fn 18, 2002b:x fn. 3, 2010:110).〕 These developments from the first 10 years of his career were published within the first 25. His contributions in the subsequent 35 years of his career include transfer grammar, string analysis (adjunction grammar), elementary sentence-differences (and decomposition lattices), algebraic structures in language, operator grammar, sublanguage grammar, a theory of linguistic information, and a principled account of the nature and origin of language.〔Harris's account of the nature and origin of language, and its learnability, is in the final chapters of ''Language and information'' (1988) and ''A theory of language and information'' (1991).〕
==Biography==
Harris was born on October 23, 1909 in Balta, then part of the Russian Empire. In 1913 when he was four years old his family immigrated to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. At age 13, at his request, he was sent to live in Palestine, where he worked to support himself, and for the rest of his life he returned frequently to live on a socialist kibbutz in Israel. His brother, Dr. Tzvi N. Harris, with his wife Shoshana, played a pivotal role in the understanding of the immune system and the development of modern immunology.〔
Friedman, Herman, "Immunity and the Sysiphus Effect", in
, pp. 205-207.〕 His sister, Anna H. Live, was Director of the English Institute (for ESL students) at the University of Pennsylvania (now named the English Language Program). In 1941, he married the physicist Bruria Kaufman, who was Einstein's assistant in the 1950s at Princeton. In the 1960s the couple established residence in kibbutz Mishmar Ha'Emek, in Israel, where they adopted their daughter, Tamar. From 1949 until his death, Harris maintained a close relationship with Naomi Sager, director of the Linguistic String Project at New York University. Their daughter, Eva Harris, is a professor of Infectious Diseases at the University of California, Berkeley, and the President of the non-profit organization Sustainable Sciences Institute. Harris died in his sleep after a routine working day at the age of 82 on May 22, 1992, in New York.
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